Pediatrics in Review
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(Pediatrics in Review. 2001;22:394-395. doi:10.1542/10.1542/pir.22-11-394)
© 2001 American Academy of Pediatrics

Click here for Causes of Rectal Bleeding in Children Author Disclosures Data Supplement
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Causes of Rectal Bleeding in Children



Rectal bleeding is a problem commonly seen in the ambulatory pediatric setting. It can be a terrifying finding for caretakers, sometimes heralding significant pathology. Fortunately, most cases of rectal bleeding in children are due to etiologies that have little morbidity. Rectal bleeding was identified as the chief complaint in 0.3% of all visits presenting to a busy urban emergency department over a 10-month period. Only 4% of affected patients manifested potentially life-threatening conditions (Teach 1994).

Blood in the stool can be described as melena, hematochezia, or occult blood. Melena refers to a black, tarry stool that usually has a distinct odor. It contains blood that has been present in the gastrointestinal tract for a prolonged period, allowing degradation of hemoglobin by colonic flora. Melena can portend significant blood loss that typically originates from lesions proximal to the ileocecal valve and often above the ligament of Treitz. An example of melena is the "currant jelly" stool, which is composed of blood, mucoid . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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T. Arvola, T. Ruuska, J. Keranen, H. Hyoty, S. Salminen, and E. Isolauri
Rectal Bleeding in Infancy: Clinical, Allergological, and Microbiological Examination
Pediatrics, April 1, 2006; 117(4): e760 - e768.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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