Pediatrics in Review
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(Pediatrics in Review. 2008;29:209-211. doi:10.1542/10.1542/pir.29-6-209)
© 2008 American Academy of Pediatrics
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Bacterial Vaginosis

The first 300 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Bacterial Vaginosis. Joesoef MR, Schmid G. Clin Evid. 2005;4 :489 –491 An Altered Immunity Hypothesis for the Development of Symptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis. Witkin SS, Linhares IM, Giraldo P, Ledger WJ. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44 :554 –557[CrossRef][Medline] Risk Factors for Cervicitis Among Women With Bacterial Vaginosis. Marrazzo JM, Wiesenfeld HC, Murray PJ, et al. J Infect Dis. 2006;193 :617 –624[CrossRef][Medline] Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2006. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006;(RR-11)55 :1 –95[Medline] The Association of Atopobium vaginae and Gardnerella vaginalis With Bacterial Vaginosis and Recurrence After Oral Metronidazole Therapy. Bradshaw CS, Tabrizi SN, Fairley CK, Morton AN, Rudland E, Garland SM. J Infect Dis. 2006;194 :828 –836[CrossRef][Medline]

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common infection of the reproductive tract in females of child-bearing age and is the most common cause of symptomatic vaginal discharge in this group, accounting for approximately 40% to 50% of cases. Estimates of the prevalence of BV range from 10% to more than 50% of reproductive-age women. Between 25% and 50% of BV infections may remain asymptomatic.

BV is characterized by a complex alteration of vaginal flora, with loss of the normally acidic (pH <4.5) vaginal environment that is dominated by hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli, which are protective against the overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria. There is a shift to a less acidic (pH >4.5), anaerobe-dominated environment that is populated by multiple bacterial species, including Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus, and species of Prevotella, Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, and Atopobium vaginae. A recent study reported that women who have symptomatic BV are infected with an average of 13 different organisms. The diverse microbial profile of BV varies remarkably by location, demographics, and other . . . [Full Text of this Article]


Grael O'Brien, MD, PhD
 University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Conn

Janet R. Serwint, MD, Consulting Editor
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