Pediatrics in Review
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(Pediatrics in Review. 2009;30:368-369. doi:10.1542/10.1542/pir.30-9-368)
© 2009 American Academy of Pediatrics
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Cholelithiasis and Cholecystitis

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Biliary Tract Disease in Children. McEvoy CF, Suchy FJ. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1996; 42: 75–98

Cholelithiasis. Friedman JR, Crawford Kennedy M. eMedicine Specialties, Pediatrics: General Medicine, Gastroenterology. 2009. Available at: http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic381.htm. Accessed June 2009

Cholecystitis. Hebra A, Miller M. eMedicine Specialties, Pediatrics: General Medicine, Gastroenterology. 2008. Available at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/927340-overview. Accessed June 2009

Gallbladder Disease. O'Neill J, Grosfeld J, Fonkalsrud E. In: Principles of Pediatric Surgery. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2004

Cholelithiasis is an uncommon occurrence in healthy children, with an incidence ranging from 0.15% to 0.22%. The condition is seen more frequently in children who have certain predisposing conditions. Cholelithiasis can occur at any age, including prenatally, but is most common during puberty. Females are at significantly higher risk, with an overall 4:1 female-to-male predominance that increases to 11 to 22:1 during adolescence.

Gallstones form when bile is supersaturated with cholesterol or bilirubin to the point that the substances no longer are soluble. This effect, along with bile stasis, allows the cholesterol or calcium bilirubinate crystals to remain in the gallbladder (or . . . [Full Text of this Article]


Susan Guralnick, MD
 Stony Brook University Medical Center
Stony Brook, NY

Janet Serwint, MD, Consulting Editor
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